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strychnine poisoning : ウィキペディア英語版
strychnine poisoning

Strychnine poisoning can be fatal to humans and other animals and can occur by inhalation, swallowing or absorption through eyes or mouth. It produces some of the most dramatic and painful symptoms of any known toxic reaction. For this reason, strychnine poisoning is often portrayed in literature and film.
==Presentation in humans==
Ten to twenty minutes after exposure, the body's muscles begin to spasm, starting with the head and neck in the form of trismus and risus sardonicus. The spasms then spread to every muscle in the body, with nearly continuous convulsions, and get worse at the slightest stimulus. The convulsions progress, increasing in intensity and frequency until the backbone arches continually. Convulsions lead to lactic acidosis, hyperthermia and rhabdomyolysis. These are followed by postictal depression. Death comes from asphyxiation caused by paralysis of the neural pathways that control breathing, or by exhaustion from the convulsions. The subject dies within 2–3 hours after exposure.
One medical student in 1896 described the experience in a letter to the Lancet:

Three years ago I was reading for an examination,
and feeling "run down". I took 10 minims of strychnia
solution (B.P.) with the same quantity of dilute phosphoric acid
well diluted twice a day. On the second day of taking
it, towards the evening, I felt a tightness in the "facial
muscles " and a peculiar metallic taste in the mouth. There was
great uneasiness and restlessness, and I felt a desire to walk
about and do something rather than sit still and read.
I lay on the bed and the calf muscles began to stiffen and
jerk. My toes drew up under my feet, and as I moved or
turned my head flashes of light kept darting across my eyes..
I then knew something serious was developing, so I crawled
off the bed and scrambled to a case in my room and got out
(fortunately) the bromide of potassium and the chloral. I
had no confidence or courage to weigh them, so I guessed
the quantity-about 30 gr. 30 grains, about 2 grams bromide of potassium and 10 gr.
chloral-put them in a tumbler with some water, and drank
it off. My whole body was in a cold sweat, with anginous
attacks in the precordial region, and a feeling of "going
off." I did not call for medical aid, as I thought the symptoms
declining. I felt better, but my lower limbs were as cold as ice, and the calf muscles kept tense and
jerking. There was no opisthotonos, only a slight stiffness
at the back of the neck. Half an hour later, as I could
judge, I took the same quantity of bromide of potassium
and chloral, and a little time after I lost consciousness and
fell into a " profound sleep," awaking in the morning with
no unpleasant symptoms, no headache, &c., but a desire " to
be on the move " and a slight feeling of stiffness in the jaw.
These worked off during the day.〔Sandall, Leondard, (28 March 1896). "AN OVERDOSE OF STRYCHNINE." The Lancet, 147(3787):887〕


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「strychnine poisoning」の詳細全文を読む



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